 Georgian Academy of Sciences Sukhumi I.Vekua Institute of Physics and Technology - SIPT Due to the conflict in Abkhazia the Institute is settled in Tbilisi at
the site of the Academy of Sciences at the MION Institute and at the Institute of Stable
Isotopes The former address of the Institute is 384914, Sukhumi, Tbilisi Highroad 665. Sukhumi I.Vekua Institute of Physics and Technology (SIPT) is a specialized scientific establishment with experimental industrial base. It was founded according the Resolution of State Defence Committee July 12, 1945, as two "specialized objects" on the basis of two institutes being deportated from defeated Germany to fulfill"Atomic Project of the USSR". The leaders of these institutes in Germany as well as of a new "object" in Sukhumi were Hustav Herts, Professor, Nobel Prize Laureate and Manfred fon Ardene, Professor. World known scientists were gathered here to work with them. They were: Max Steinbeck, Peter Thissen, Heinz Barvikh, Max Volmer, Wolfhghang Schutce and others. In 1945-52 the Head of the United Administration of these "objects" was Extraordinary Representative of the USSR, General of State Security Alexander Kochlavashvili - Ph.Sci (History), Professor when retered being. In the following years the united Object and Institute were under the leadership of Vladimir Migulin, Boris Isaev (1954-57), Ilia Kvartskhava (1957-62), Irakli Gverdtsiteli (1962-69), Nickolas Leontyev (1969-74). During 1946-52 the main trends of researches in the Institute were: uranium isotope separation methods processing, creation of measuring control devices and so on. Many novelties were made at SIPT and further realized in practice. They were: thermodiffusion technology of isotope separation, mass spectography, high-energy electron and ion sources and so on. From the foundation of SIPT up to day the research works are being carried out by complete cycle formula of new technic creation - "research-processing - investment - realization - guaranteed servicing". The main directions of the scientific research and experimental structural work of the Institute are: -plasma physics: quasistationary process - "Tokamak"; impulse
processes - combined pinch, gas-dynamic capturer, plasma focus; Numerous significant results have been obtained by scientific workers of SIPT, Among them on the level of discovery are: "Space-periodic structures formation in linear and azymuth plasma discharge" and " Discrete acceleration of plasmons in linear gas discharges" (I.Kvartskhava, G.Zukakishvili, K.Kirvalidze, I.Ghvaladze, R.Meladze 1962 and 1963); Ions acceleration in linear electron flow (A.Plutto,G.Mkheidze, B.Suladze 1962,); Collective character of electrons interaction in hot plasma" (R.Demirkhanov, D.Chkuaseli, A.Gevorkov, A.Popov 1964,); "Instant complete crystallization of melt" (N.Shamba 1982,); "Formation of high electric tension microstructures" in strong plasmic focus" (R.Salukvadze, E.Khautiev 1988,) and so on. The SIPT establishes the department in Tbilisi - as a plant (1964) of light atomic nuclei stable isotopes - at present Tbilisi Institute of Stable Isotopes; at the Presidium of the Georgian Academy of Sciences - the Research Laboratory of Thermoenergetics, (1976), in Zugdidi - experimental plant "Vektor" for serial production of heat thermoelectric and solar radiation transform generators: radioelectron management and voltage transformation devices (1981-86); in Kharkov, at the Institute of Machine Bilding Problems of Ukrainian Academy of Sciences special construction technological complex - creation and production of thermoenergetic devices and equipment (1976) and so on. The stuff of the SIPT was rewarded with State Prizes of the USSR: for elaboration of atomic explosive material obtaining technology (G.Herts, M.fon Ardene, R.Demirkhanov, D.Chkuaseli, V.Gusev et al1949); for creation of high current ion sources (M.fon Ardene, 1951); for elaborating uranium isotopes separation methods (V.Karzhavin 1953), who was also awarded Lenin Prize; for creation of cosmic thermoelectric reactor-generator "Romashka" (I.Gverdtsiteli,1975) and network of satellite apparature ("Horizont", "Ekran", N.Leontjev, 1981). Georgian State Prizes: for creation of electron accelerator of record intensity (R.Salukvadze, D.Iremashvili, 1985) and for creation of generator channel for cosmic thermic emmision reactor-converter "Topaz" (N.Menabde, D.Tsetskhladze, A.Kalandarishvili, V.Tskhakaia, L.Tsakadze, 1987). As a result of conflict in Abkhazia Sukhumi Physico-Technical Institute is in difficult situation. The majority of scientists left the Institute due to the threat of life. About 200 refugees, the leading scientists and specialists came to Tbilisi. They can continue to produce traditional and new research and technologic works at Tbilisi scientific centres: at Tbilisi State and Georgian Technical Universities, on the basis of : Physics, Metallurgy, Stable Isotopes, Electron Technology Institutes. The list of processing and technologic works is given in supplement in which the SIPT suggests cooperation in the mentioned production and realization with any partner on the market basis. To 1993 there were one Academician, 15 doctors and 150 candidates of sciences. Joint works in different scientific centres abroad: in the USA-Russian joint enterprise "Inertek" programme of thermal emission reactor-converter "Topaz" and test, New Mexico University at Albukerkesh; Germany within the framework of SIPT project; Russia: developing of roentgen strong pipes preparation new technology; participation in scientific-industrial enterprise "Luch" in Podolsk and others. SIPT publish preprints, scientific papers in Georgian and foreign journals. About 4000 scientific papers are published, nearly 3000 inventor's certificates are get. Information about the Institute is given in "Nauka i Technika v SSSR", 1987, Moscow; Georgian Simposium for Conversion, May 15-18, 1995, Tbilisi, scientific magazine of the Georgian Academy of Sciences "Metsniereba da Tekhnika", N1-3, 1997, Tbilisi. |About GAS| |Structure| |Presidium| |Institutes| |Members| |Publications| |Events at GAS| |Search the Site| |Collection of Links| Send all comments to: [email protected] |
